Kumamoto Castle: Guide to Kumamoto Things to Do
Do you like Japanese Castles? I do, so I didn’t let go of the opportunity to visit yet another Japanese Castle, the Kumamoto Castle. It was promptly added to my list of Kumamoto Things to Do.
Kumamoto Castle – An enduring symbol of Japan’s Feudal Past. Japanese palaces and fortresses are renowned for their architectural brilliance, featuring intricate wooden construction, imposing stone walls, and intricate defensive designs. They are so different from the Indian forts and European castles, perhaps it is those special attributes that make them so attractive.
Kumamoto Castle Japan
Tumultuous History of Kumamoto Castle
Kumamoto Castle was completed in 1607 under the direction of Kato Kiyomasa, the first feudal lord. The castle today stands as an iconic testament to his visionary efforts and cutting-edge construction techniques that existed in the medieval era. He is known as the founding Daimyo of Kumamoto Castle.
In a bid to revitalize the war-torn region, Kiyomasa, upon his arrival in Higo dedicated himself to forest preservation, flood control initiatives, and agricultural development. His successful civil engineering endeavors, still evident today, revitalized the province. Kato Kiyomasa is an important figure in history of Kumamoto Castle. They fondly refer to him even now as “Seikosho-san” (Prince Kiyomasa).
Pages of Kumamoto castle history mention – the Kato Clan was replaced by Hosokawa Tadatoshi, formerly the daimyo of Kokura Castle in Bunzen Province. They hailed from the influential Hosokawa clan, had prominent figures like Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu during the Sengoku Period for 239 years.
Ruling by powerful clans continued till 1871, when feudal domains were abolished and prefectures were established.
Earthquake damage to Kumamoto Castle
The Samurai rule ended in the late 19th century. Kumamoto Castle then became a valuable military base for the Japanese government. However, a few years later, unsatisfied with the government , a group of former samurai revolted and a civil war broke out. Kumamoto castle is famous for the final battle between 20,000 samurai and the ruling Meiji government in 1877.
In 1877, during the Satsuma Rebellion, Kumamoto Castle faced significant damage. The castle keep and several sections succumbed to fire. Yet remarkably, 13 structures – Uto-Yagura Tower and 12 other turrets, within the castle complex remained unscathed, earning them the esteemed recognition as Important Cultural Properties. The stone walls and moats are designated as historic landmarks.
Since that critical event, restoration efforts for Kumamoto Castle have been ceaseless. Major reconstruction took place in 1960 and a significant restoration spanned from 1998 to 2008. Despite these endeavors, the castle suffered further damage during the 2016 earthquake, prompting ongoing efforts to meticulously repair and revive its former grandeur.
View from top of Castle
My Visit to Kumamoto Castle
Kumamoto Palace was the last stop for the day. After parking our car, we hurried to the ticket booth worrying about the possible long queue. Luckily there was none.
It was a Tuesday when we visited Kumamoto Jo, I expected a thin tourist’s traffic there. While I was right about tourists, I was wrong about the crowds because there was a huge group of school students visiting the Kumamoto Palace on the same day. Interesting to see them curious and attentive about the stories of the palace. Since the repair works were on, the direct access was closed. We walked round pretty much the entire hill before we finally accessed it.
After our tour of Kumamoto Palace, we asked a student to take our photo, and he kindly agreed. As he clicked away, his friends giggled non-stop, leaving me curious about the joke. Upon reviewing the photos, I realized he’d switched the mobile camera to selfie mode and sneaked in a picture of himself as well. Here’s the unexpected selfie he captured!
Japanese student photographer in Kumamoto Jo
It was a fascinating visit to see both the castle itself as well as the reconstruction efforts the authorities are making. We walked around the moat. It was autumn and the entire area was enveloped with trees bursting with yellow-orange leaves.
Architecture of Kumamoto Jo Japana
Kumamoto Castle Japan boasts several architectural highlights that distinguish it as a significant historical monument. However, one important point I would like to add here is that nothing about the inside is maintained as to the original structure. It is quite a contrast especially if you have seen the Himeji Castle and how authentic its interior was. The main tower of the castle has 6 levels and also functions as a museum. On the top level is a viewing platform.
- The central area of the castle, Honmaru, was completed in 1607. Honmaru was home to prominent buildings like Tenshu – main castle towers, Yagura – turrets, and Honmaru goten – palace which was used for government affairs and living quarters.
- Main Keep (Tenshukaku): The main tower, though partially damaged over time and during earthquakes, showcases an exquisite blend of traditional Japanese architectural elements, featuring multi-storied wooden construction and elegant rooflines.
- Gatehouses and Entrances: Elaborate gatehouses, such as the Ote-mon (main gate), feature ornate designs and serve as the primary entry points, showcasing both defensive features and aesthetic beauty.
- Roofing: The castle’s roofs, adorned with intricate wooden carvings and decorative elements, represent the pinnacle of Japanese architectural craftsmanship during the feudal period.
Decorative elements in roofing
- Stone Walls and Defensive Structures: The castle’s massive stone walls, meticulously constructed without using mortar, serve as a testament to the craftsmanship and engineering skills of that era. They incorporate sloping, curved walls to deflect attacks and remain iconic elements of the castle’s defense.
- Baileys and Towers: Kumamoto Castle comprises multiple baileys (courtyard areas) and towers, each serving specific functions during the castle’s active period. These structures, including watchtowers and turrets, provided vantage points for defense and observation.
- Gardens and Surrounding Landscape: While not part of the main architectural structure, the surrounding gardens and landscape contribute to the overall beauty and ambiance of Kumamoto Castle, offering serene settings amidst historical grandeur.
Each architectural facet of Kumamoto Castle reflects the ingenious design, defensive strategies, and cultural aesthetics prevalent during Japan’s feudal era.
Shachihoko in the museum in Kumamoto
What are Kumamoto Castle (Kumamoto-jo) hours of operation?
Kumamoto-jo hours of operation: Open daily 8.30 AM to 6 PM. Buy tickets in advance here.
What is the best time to visit Kumamoto castle?
With about 800 cherry trees, the castle becomes a popular cherry blossom spot usually in late March and early April.
Kumamoto Things to Do
Nearby places to visit from Kumamoto Castle
Suizenji Park is perfect for photographs. Suizenji Jojuen Garden, often referred to simply as Suizenji Park, is a meticulously designed Japanese garden located in Kumamoto City. This garden on the southeast side of Kumamoto Castle was created by Hosokawa Tadatoshi (1586–1641). The garden is replete with rolling hills, carefully crafted ponds, bridges, and miniature reproductions of famous landscapes, such as Mount Fuji and the Seto Inland Sea. These elements are strategically placed to create a serene and picturesque atmosphere.
Mount Aso located near Kumamoto in Kyushu, is one of the world’s largest active volcanic calderas and a natural wonder. It is an active volcanic site, occasionally emitting smoke and minor volcanic activity, making it both awe-inspiring and potentially hazardous.
Mount Aso Volcano
Souvenir from Kumamoto: In Kumamoto, there’s a traditional toy known as Obake-no-Kinta or “Kinta the Ghost.” This doll features a black cone-shaped hat atop a red-faced figure with googly eyes. Pulling a string at the back causes the eyeballs to roll and the tongue to stick out, making it a beloved and amusing doll. The toy, inspired by a foot soldier named Kinta from Kato Kiyomasa’s time building Kumamoto Castle, continues to be crafted in Kumamoto. Kinta’s comical persona and popularity led to the creation of this mechanical doll, honoring his legendary status as the beloved “joking Kinta.”
Kumamoto City sightseeing: castle, Sakuranobaba Johsaien, Suizenji Park, Former residence of HosakawaGyobu, Reigando Cave, Honmyoji Temple, Former Uchitsuboi Residence of Natsume Soseki, Toge-no-Chaya Park
You can book a Kumamoto Custom Full Day Tour.
You can also book Kumamoto Full-Day Private Tour with Government-Licensed Guide.
Kumamoto Food
Ikinari dango is a simple local snack made by wrapping sliced sweet potatoes in flour dough and steaming them. I picked them up at Kumamoto station. Very chewy, very yummy.
Kumamoto Ramen – Every region in Japan has their own version of Ramen. Kumamoto Ramen is unique for its preparation. It is served in broth prepared by cooking pork bones gently for a long time, the medium-thick noodles taste great and go down smoothly. The dish is topped with roast or fried garlic or fried garlic-infused sesame oil.
Dago Soup, Takana Rice – In Kumamoto, there’s a delightful dish called Dago Soup, where “Dago” means “dumpling” in our local dialect. It’s a Kumamoto local cuisine made by boiling flat dumplings with fresh seasonal veggies and meat, seasoned with either miso or soy sauce. What’s unique is that each household and region has its special way of preparing it, giving it diverse flavors. For an extra treat, pair it with Takana Rice—a flavorful dish blending finely-chopped pickled mustard leaves (Takana) with rice. It’s a delicious combination that truly captures Kumamoto’s local flavors!
Karashi Renkon is a classic delicacy featuring lotus root filled with a blend of Japanese mustard and miso paste, coated in an egg and flour batter, and then fried to perfection. Legend has it that this dish originated in the Edo Period when it was crafted for ailing third-generation Han (feudal lord or daimyo). Its distinct lotus root texture and the flavorful mix of mustard and miso make it a beloved choice for pairing with drinks, as a lunchbox favorite, and even as a delightful addition to traditional tea ceremonies.
How to reach Kumamoto Castle
By Air: The city has its airport, Kumamoto Airport (KMJ), offering domestic flights from major Japanese cities like Tokyo, Osaka, and Fukuoka, as well as some international flights.
By Train: The Shinkansen connects Kumamoto to various cities in Japan. While exiting Kumamoto we took the Kyushu Shinkansen line to Hakata (Fukuoka). Shinkansen makes Kumamoto easily accessible from major cities like Fukuoka, Osaka, Kyoto, and Tokyo.
By Car: We reached Kumamoto Jo by car. This was after our visit to Nakadake Volcano crater in Aso.
Driving: If you’re traveling by car, there are parking lots available near the castle where you can park your vehicle. Parking for a couple of hours cost us 800Y.
Public transport services are extremely good in Japan. You can avail these: Take a tram or bus from Kumamoto Station to the Kumamotojo/Shiyakushomae stop. Tram Line A (Aso Trolley) directly heads to the castle. Look for buses heading to the “Kumamotojo/Shiyakushomae” (Kumamoto Castle/City Hall) stop, which takes around 15 to 20 minutes in both.
Kumamoto City sightseeing
Where to Stay in Kumamoto Japan
Hotel Nikko Kumamoto – 4-star hotel, centrally located in city
Address: 2-1 Kamitoricho, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto, 860-8536, Japan +81 96-211-1111
Tip: Choose rooms from where you get view of the illuminated Kumamoto Castle at night
HOTEL MYSTAYS Kumamoto Riverside – 3-star hotel is easily accessible from Kumamoto Station and Aso Kumamoto Airport.
Address: 4-12 Koyaimamachi, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto, 860-0012, Japan +81 96-355-3110
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) – Kumamoto Palace
Q: What are the must-visit attractions in Kumamoto?
A: Kumamoto Castle tops the list. Other notable attractions include Suizenji Jojuen Garden, Shimada Museum of Arts, and the nearby Mount Aso.
Q: Who built Kumamoto Palace?
A: Kumamoto Castle was built by Kato Kiyomasa, the first feudal lord
Museum exhibits
Q: Is Kumamoto Castle fully accessible after the earthquake?
A: While ongoing restoration is in progress, parts of Kumamoto Castle are accessible to visitors. Some sections might have restricted access due to renovation work.
Q: What are the highlights of Kumamoto Castle?
A: The main keep, stone walls, historical exhibits, and the panoramic views from the top are the major highlights. The ongoing restoration efforts are also noteworthy.
Q: How much time should I allocate for a visit to Kumamoto Castle?
A: Plan for about 1.5 to 2 hours to explore the castle grounds thoroughly. Adjust according to your interests and pace.
Q: Are there guided tours available for Kumamoto Castle?
A: Yes, guided tours led by knowledgeable staff are available, offering deeper insights into the castle’s history and significance.
Q: What activities can I do near Kumamoto Castle?
A: Enjoy a stroll in Suizenji Jojuen Garden, explore nearby museums like Shimada Museum of Arts, or take a day trip to Mount Aso for stunning views.
Q: When is the Kumamoto Castle Festival?
A: The event takes place in Autumn with events like: The taiko, or Japanese drum performance, Local food and drink shops. Tourists can indulge in Kimono stroll and dress-up.
Kumamoto Jo
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Indrani Ghose is an Indian Travel Writer and Blogger based in Bangalore, India. She has written for numerous publications across the globe – including Lonely Planet, The National UAE, Whetstone Asia, Deccan Herald. You can follow her on her social media handles Instagram, Twitter, Pinterest and Facebook to see the wonderful destinations, beautiful offbeat places and get instant updates about them.
