Horyuji Temple Nara Japan: World’s Oldest Wooden Structure
Horyuji Temple Nara is one of Japan’s oldest temples and famed to have the world’s oldest surviving wooden structures. When I mention ‘oldest’, note that the wooden structures date back to 607 AD! I looked up at them in awe, not just surviving, they seem to be in good condition too. In this blog I will highlight the Horyuji Temple architecture, the Horyu-ji pagoda, my blissful tour of 3 hours through Horyuji Temple complex.
Travel blogger: Indrani Ghose
Written on December 2024.
Horyuji – Lantern
Is it worth visiting Horyu-ji Temple in Nara?
Let me list out why the Horyu-ji Temple is significant and worth visiting.
- It is the first UNESCO Heritage site of Japan. The Horyuji Temple and Hokki-ji temple are included in this list.
- It’s the world’s oldest surviving wooden structure! The Five-Story Horyuji Pagoda (Goju-no-to) and the Kondo (Main Hall) date back to the Asuka Period (593–710 CE).
- Horyuji Temple means Temple of the Flourishing Law. The name reflects its deep connection to Buddhism and its role in spreading Buddhist teachings. It is center for Buddhist learning and practice for over a millennium.
- With time Horyuji Temple in Nara has become a symbol of Japan’s architectural brilliance.
Central Gate of Horyu-ji Temple
For best tour experience here are some helpful links:
What to see in Horyuji Temple Nara?
The area of Horyuji Temple is 150,300 square meters. Spread over such a vast area it requires a bit of planning to see the complex well, especially if you are in short of time. I have here a short plan that should suit you if you plan to spend two hours exploring the Horyu-ji Temple. The main sections of Horyuji Temple Nara to see are:
To make the most of your 2-hour visit to Horyuji Temple in Nara, you can focus on the main sections. Along with the tickets the maps are also provided. We spent some time studying the plan. Horyuji Temple complex has two main parts:
Western Precinct (Saiin Garan)
Central Gate of Horyu-ji Temple (Chumon)
This is the oldest surviving gate in Japan, guarded by Japan’s oldest statues of Kongo Rikishi (warrior deities). Take it from me you will be struck with amazement at the size and history associated with this gate. The towering gate, flanked by ancient warrior deities, stands as a sentinel to centuries past.
This sight is free to see. Proceed further to a small gate at the left for tickets to enter the complex.
Kongo Rikishi warrior in Central Gate
Five-Story Horyu-ji Pagoda (Goju-no-to)
The guards stamp your tickets and you proceed inside. Walking through, the Five-Story Horyuji Pagoda (Goju-no-to) comes into view, its elegant structure rising against the clear sky. As mentioned before this is one of the oldest wooden structures in the world, dating back to the Asuka Period. Many tourists like me stood stupefied here. While waiting for my turn to pose with this mammoth structure I marvelled at the intricate craftsmanship and the fact that this wooden marvel has withstood the test of time.
Pagoda Architecture: The pagoda’s five tiers symbolize the five elements of Buddhism: earth, water, fire, wind, and void. Each tier is slightly smaller than the one below, creating a graceful tapering effect. A Central Pole (Shinbashira) runs from the base to the top, that provides structural stability. This ingenious design helps the pagoda withstand earthquakes. The overhanging eaves of each tier are intricately designed, providing both aesthetic beauty and functional protection from the elements. The pagoda’s design and structure reflect Buddhist cosmology and teachings, symbolizing the path to enlightenment.
Inside the pagoda there are various Buddhist deities and murals depicting scenes from Buddha’s life, enhancing its religious and artistic value.
Horyuji – Purification Fountain
Main Hall (Horyuji Kondo)
This building houses some of Japan’s oldest Buddha statues, including the Yakushi Nyorai (Buddha of Healing). The serene presence of the Yakushi Nyorai Buddha calmed my nerves and I lingered on longer than I planned. The hall is filled with a quiet reverence, and many ancient statues. The spiritual essence here has drawn pilgrims here for generations.
Both the Five-Story Pagoda and Horyuji Temple were constructed in the 7th century. The pagoda was built around 607, and the temple itself was founded by Prince Shotoku in 607 as well. The Kondo Hall was completed later in 679.
Great Lecture Hall (Horyuji Daikodo)
This hall has exhibits, statues from the Heian Period showcasing the evolution of Japanese Buddha statues. Here I was captivated by the amazing collection. Each statue tells a story, and I found telling myself I wish I had more time.
This hall has a tumultuous past though. Daikodo Hall, also known as the Great Lecture Hall, was built as a place for monks to practice Buddhist studies in the early 9th century. A fire ravaged the hall in 1528 and destroyed many of its treasures, including a large tapestry called Amida Jodo henso-zu. The hall was subsequently reconstructed, preserving its role as a place for scholarly pursuits and religious study.
The architecture is impressive. With high ceilings and two pulpits for monks, this place has witnessed how the monks have engaged in discussions and debates. The artistry and devotion that went into the creation of Horyuji statues is mind blowing. All I can say is take time to pause and reflect on the enduring legacy of this sacred place.
Horyuji Temple Nara
Eastern Precinct (Toin Garan)
Hall of Visions (Yumedono)
This octagonal hall is unlike anything I’ve seen before. Inside there is the life-sized statue of Prince Shotoku. Indeed, a great way to honour the prince who played such a pivotal role in Japanese history.
Gallery of Temple Treasures
Before concluding my visit, I wandered through the Gallery of Temple Treasures which displays a vast collection of Buddhist art, relics, and statues. The extensive collection of Buddhist art and relics, whether a delicate statue or an intricate painting, offers a glimpse into the spiritual and artistic achievements of past eras. I wish I had pictures of what is inside the Gallery, unfortunately photography isn’t permitted.
Kudara Kannon Hall
A distinct building within the Horyuji Temple complex, it houses the statue of Kudara Kannon, which is one of the temple’s most revered treasures. If you’re planning a visit, both Kudara Kannon Hall and the Gallery of Temple Treasures are definitely worth exploring to get a full sense of Horyuji Temple’s rich heritage.
Chuguji Temple
A separate temple dedicated to the bodhisattva Miroku (Kannon), is set in tranquil atmosphere and beautiful surroundings, just behind the Eastern Precinct of Horyuji Temple located just behind the Eastern Precinct of Horyuji Temple.
The temple houses a remarkable statue of Miroku Bosatsu, in a seated posture, a National Treasure dating back to the Asuka period. The gentle smile exudes a sense of peace and compassion. Since photography wasn’t permitted, I let myself soak in the intricate details of the statue, the delicate folds of the robes and the serene expression. The craftsmanship of the artisans of that era is truly exceptional.
Inside the temple, I saw the Tenjukoku Mandala Shucho, an embroidered mandala that was commissioned by Prince Shotoku’s consort after his death. This mandala, known as the Embroidery of Heaven and Eternal Life, is a stunning piece of art and a significant cultural treasure.
Chuguji Temple was established as a nunnery by Prince Shotoku to honor his mother, Empress Anahobe no Hashihito.
Chuguji Temple
Horyuji Temple Tourism Information
Opening Hours:
February to November: 8 AM to 5 PM.
December to January: 8 AM to 4.30 PM.
Last admission is 30 minutes before closing.
Admission Fee: There is an admission fee, so it’s good to have some cash on hand. Ticket for Saiin Garan, Daihozoin and Toin Garan is 1500 yen.
Getting Around: The temple grounds are spacious, but the structures are close enough and can be explored on foot. There’s also a shuttle bus available from the South Exit of Horyuji Station.
Itinerary to explore Horyuji Temple Nara
Here’s a reasonable 3-hour walking tour itinerary for exploring Horyuji Temple and its surroundings:
- First 20 minutes at Central Gate (Chumon) and Kongo Rikishi Statues guarding the entrance
- Sometimes the queue at ticket counter can be long. Reach early for quick access.
Kongo Rikishi warrior 2
Start at the Western Precinct (Saiin Garan)
- 15 minutes – Take time to appreciate its architectural beauty and significance of the iconic Five-Story Pagoda.
- 25 minutes – Visit the Main Hall, home to some of Japan’s oldest and most revered Buddha statues, including the Yakushi Nyorai.
- 30 minutes to explore the Great Lecture Hall, which houses statues from the Heian Period and serves as a space for scholarly debates and teachings.
Head over to the Eastern Precinct (Toin Garan)
- Visit the Hall of Visions. Allot 20 minutes Inside the hall. Here you’ll find the life-sized statue of Prince Shotoku and experience the hall’s unique octagonal design.
- 30 minutes to explore the Gallery of Temple Treasures. Take a short break and then explore the Gallery of Temple Treasures, located between the Western and Eastern Precincts.
- Visit Chuguji Temple. 30 minutes will simply pass at the Chuguji Temple, just behind the Eastern Precinct which has Miroku Bosatsu statue and beautiful surroundings.
- End your tour at Kudara Kannon Hall. Here too, allot 30 minutes to explore inside.
This itinerary will help you to plan better on how to explore the main highlights of Horyuji Temple and its surroundings within 3 hours, providing a comprehensive and enriching experience.
Hall of Visions (Yumedono)
Traveller Tips for Visiting Horyuji Temple, Nara
Horyuji Temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and an important historical and cultural landmark in Japan. To make the most of your visit, here are detailed tips on what to bring and what’s not allowed:
What to Bring
- Comfortable Shoes – Wear comfortable shoes as the temple grounds are expansive, with gravel paths, uneven surfaces, and stairs.
- Hat – A wide-brimmed hat is essential, especially in summer. A sunscreen will be helpful too.
- Water Bottle – Stay hydrated during your visit by carrying a reusable water bottle.
- Guidebook or App – A guidebook or a downloaded app with information about the temple’s history and architecture will enhance your experience, helping you understand the significance of what you’re seeing.
What’s Not Allowed
- Smoking – Smoking is strictly prohibited within the temple grounds to preserve the environment and respect the sanctity of the site.
- Loud Noises – The temple is a place of worship and meditation, so avoid loud conversations or playing music.
- Food Consumption – Eating is not allowed within the temple grounds. There are designated picnic areas outside the main precincts.
- Touching Artefacts – Do not touch any of the temple structures, statues, or artefacts to ensure their preservation for future generations.
- Drones – The use of drones is prohibited to maintain the tranquility of the site and for visitor safety.
Additional Tips
- Timing: Plan your visit early in the morning or later in the afternoon to avoid crowds and enjoy the peaceful atmosphere.
- Tickets: The temple requires an entry fee. Check for any special passes that include other nearby attractions.
- Cultural Respect: Dress modestly and behave respectfully, as this is an active religious site.
- Not suitable for wheelchair users.
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